Labor History in 2:00

October 22 - The Bosses Labor Board Decertifies PATCO

On this day in Labor History the year was 1981. The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority voted to decertify Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization. The PATCO union had gone on strike earlier that year over wages, hours, and working conditions. 

October 21 - Organizing in Paradise

On this day in Labor History the year was 1999. That was the day that 270 workers from the Embassy Vacation Resorts in Maui voted to join Local 5 of the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees. Local 5 got its start in Hawaii in 1938.  

October 20 - Merle Travis, Songs of the Working Man

On this day in Labor History the year was 1983. That was the day that musician Merle Travis died.  Known for his unique finger-picking guitar style, Travis wrote songs that captured the hard life of the coal miner.  

October 19 - In the Streets and At the Shareholders Meetings

On this day in Labor History the year was 1980. In what the Chicago Sun Times called it the “biggest labor management war of the last two decades.” The battle for union recognition at ten J.P. Stevens’s textile plants ended in victory.  

October 18 - Walking in Their Shoes

On this day in Labor History, and we are going all the way back to 1648. More than a hundred years before the American Revolution, an early trade organization was founded in the Colony of Massachusetts. They called themselves the “Company of Shoemakers.”  

October 17 - The Making of a Monopoly

On this day in Labor History, the year was 1877. That was the day that John D. Rockefeller, and his company Standard Oil struck a deal with the Pennsylvania Railroad that would cement his monopoly on the nation’s oil refineries. In the early 1870s Rockefeller was building his oil empire out from its center in Cleveland, Ohio.  

October 16 - Striking a Blow at Slave Labor

On this day in Labor History, the year was 1859. That was the day that abolitionist John Brown led a raid at the armory in Harpers Ferry, in what is now West Virginia. His goal was to strike a blow toward ending slavery.  

October 15 - Labor’s Magna Carta

On this day in Labor History, the year was 1914. That was the day that President Woodrow Wilson signed the Clayton Antitrust Act.  The act also became known as Labor’s “Magna Carta.”  

October 14 - A Day of Protest in Canada

On this day in labor history, the year was 1976. 

That was the day more than a million Canadian workers walked off the job in a Day of Protest. 

The Canadian Labour Congress called the general strike. 

Workers downed their tools against a three-year wage controls plan implemented by then Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. 

Trudeau had actually campaigned against wage controls during the 1974 elections.

A year later, the Liberal government introduced the C-73 Anti-Inflation Bill. 

It was considered the worst attack on labor since the 1930s, when bargaining rights were first legalized. 

Trudeau’s wage controls suspended collective bargaining rights for all workers and amounted to deep wage cuts. 

Public sector workers were hit hardest as many hospital, school and municipal workers teetered on the edge of desperation from already low wages made worse. 

But for a day at least, many industries across Canada came to a screeching halt. 

Forestry, mining and auto production all completely shut down. 

Many towns and cities were one hundred percent on strike, even among the non-union workforce. 

Saint John in New Brunswick, Sudbury, Ontario, Sept Iles, Quebec and Thompson in Manitoba were all cities where the strike was most successful. 

But elsewhere, the strike was uneven. 

Many public sector workers stayed on the job, while in cities like Vancouver, pickets successfully shut down bus service and newspaper deliveries. 

Most heralded the Day of Protest as a fierce show of power against a years’ worth of wage controls. 

But others argued that a one-day action was not enough. 

To combat the attacks on labor, any general strike would have to keep the country shut down until the program of wage controls was finally defeated.

October 13 - An International Effort

On this day in labor history, the year was 2010.

That was the day thirty-three Chilean miners were finally pulled to safety after being trapped for sixty-nine days. 

Workers had been mining copper and gold twenty three hundred feet down, at the San Jose mine near the northern city of Copiapo, when the mine caved in, in early August.

The Compania Minera San Esteban Primera waited several hours to notify authorities and rescue efforts only began two days later.

Trapped miners initially tried to escape through ventilation shafts but found required ladders missing.

Each route they attempted was blocked by fallen rock or threatened additional collapse.

A state owned mining  company took over rescue efforts and soon they began, as Geologist Sorena Sorensen noted, prospecting for people. 

Initial exploratory boreholes failed to locate miners because mineshaft maps had never been updated. 

Rescuers had no idea whether miners were even still alive. 

Finally, seventeen days later, the eighth borehole reached them. 

The miners tapped on the drill and taped notes to it, alerting rescuers above they were indeed alive and well. 

Food, medicine and other supplies were lowered down to them as rescue efforts intensified. 

Mini cameras were also lowered down and the miners videotaped messages of their continued ordeal. 

They told how they continued to search for possible escape routes and agreed to ration their limited food supplies so they could all survive. 

The first of three drilling plans to free the miners began. 

It was an international effort. 

The Chilean Navy consulted with NASA to design and construct the rescue pods. 

Throughout the entire process, rescuers worked to prevent additional cave-ins and rock falls. 

Finally the extraction process began and in less than 48 hours all emerged as heroes.